monitor n. 1.告誡物,提醒物;〔古語〕忠告者;勸告[告誡、警告]者。 2.班[級]長,教務助理生,導生。 3.(水利、采礦用的)水槍,噴射口。 4.【航?!繙\水炮艦。 5.【無線電】(對外國廣播等的)監(jiān)聽員[器];監(jiān)視器,監(jiān)控器,放射能檢驗器;(火箭的)追蹤器;【火箭】穩(wěn)定裝置;【電影】調音員。 6.【計算機】(電腦的)顯示器。 7.【動物;動物學】大壁虎,巨蜥。 vi.,vt. 【無線電】監(jiān)聽(外國廣播);監(jiān)督,監(jiān)視;監(jiān)控;檢驗,檢查;調節(jié);探索,追蹤。 a pilot monitor 【航空】自動駕駛儀。
That is why public - company shareholders put a lot of effort into monitoring managers and boards , who , even then , can be hard to control without resorting to boardroom coups and confrontation 即便如此,這些管理者和董事如不通過會務策略和對抗手段是難以管制的。
This paper summarizes mechanism by which law and institution affect ownership governance : small shareholders incline to free - riding , while large shareholders have motility to monitor managers and motives to expropriate small shareholders 本文從理論層面上總結了法律制度對股權治理的作用機理:小股東在公司治理中傾向于“搭便車” ,大股東既有動力監(jiān)督管理層也有動機對小股東進行掠奪。
After summarizing the basic functions of stock market - facilitating risk management , improving information acquisition , monitoring managers and exerting corporate control and mobilizing savings , this paper outlines the channels through which stock market and economy affect each other 在這些理論成果的基礎上歸納出股票市場的四項基本功能,也即風險分散、信息揭示、公司控制以及動員儲蓄功能。股票市場正是由于具備這幾項功能,才能從充滿市場沖突的經濟系統(tǒng)中內生形成。